Thursday, October 31, 2019

Advise to Toan Regarding the Action with Brookland Greens Pty Ltd Assignment

Advise to Toan Regarding the Action with Brookland Greens Pty Ltd - Assignment Example Toan is observed to be a developer who had appeared previously in the government auction and also bid or owned a land from the auction. Furthermore, Toan wanted to buy or hold another land from the government auction to be held recently. In order to own another land from the auction, Toan formed a proprietary company with whose name he thought of taking part in the auction. Moreover, after appearing in the auction Toan in lieu of his company was able to bid successfully for another land in the auction. However, the authority of the auction refused to handover the land to Toan and its company, saying that they had already owned a land before from the previous auction and were violating the rules of the auction, as a result, they cannot own this land. After the refusal from the authority, Toan sued the government authority for not handing over the second land to the company by demonstrating the fact that the land was purchased by his company and not by himself. And there was no provisi on preventing him to conduct such an act. It is assumed that apparently, it is not Toan who appeared in the auction second time, rather it is Toan’s company who took part in the auction for bidding for land. According to the formulated law in an auction by the government, the process opted by Toan is legal and he is not violating the rules. This is because for the first time Toan bid for a land in the auction in lieu of his own name, however in the second time, Toan attempted to bid for a land in the auction under an enacted company for the sole purpose of bidding for the land. Thus, it can be said that from the viewpoint of intention, Toan is violating the auction rules laid by the government. A case study ‘Australian Law- Law of Business Association’ has been considered to present advice for Toan. The case states that Mr Main is a person who bid for a land from the local government council held an auction. Furthermore, he desired to own or bid for another land from the subsequent auction of government. In order to own another land, he formed a company.  

Monday, October 28, 2019

Portfolio Analysis Essay Example for Free

Portfolio Analysis Essay In the investment world there are many investment options to choose from, one of there investment option is the mutual fund .a mutual fund is an investment where the investors pool resources together which are then invested in securities, fixed interest stocks and money market instruments like derivatives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The mutual funds is a professionally managed by fund managed whose sole purpose is to ensure that the returns on the invested assets are maximized to the benefits of the individual investors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The performance of the mutual fund can be calculated by fund managers whose sole purpose is to ensure that the returns on the invested assets are maximized to the benefit of the individual investors   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The performance of the mutual fund can be calculated on a daily basis by taking the current market value of the fund and dividing it with the number of securities in the fund1 Mutual funds are usually open end company governed by the investments company act (1940) in the U. S.A Mutual funds are suitable for those high net worth individuals who are either too busy to deal personally with their investments or those investors who don’t have the investment know-how. Investors in mutual funds should have investment objectives for the mid term to long term so as to reap maximum benefits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some of the mutual finds include stock money market funds, hybrid funds and bond funds In the following discussion we are going to discuss dominion funds which are registered in the Guernsey   in the channel islands which is an off share country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominion funds are divided in to 2 the chic fund and the x-fund. Dominion funds The company Domination Company is an investment fund management firm that is registered in the Guernsey in the Channel Islands with branch a in Switzerland.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominion brand is a sophisticated innovative and elegant. These attributes are in line with the business principles of the company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominion fund is developed to meet the ever changing demands of the intelligent investors of today who include professional investors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These investors demand extra performance and excellent service from the fund manager and that is why the dominion brand was created to deliver excellent service and returns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To achieve this level of standards the company has companies two dominion distribution management limited branches in Guernsey and a dominion risk management S.A based in Switzerland. Funds traded The funds managed by dominion company are the x funds and chic funds Chic funds The structure of this fund is that it has the currency class of 3 major currencies (US $ EURO â‚ ¬ GBP  £) which are combined to form the fund. The fund itself is an 80% index portfolio and 20% active port folio.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These funds managed by dominion chic fund limited which invests in diversified stock of luxury goods and services companies recognized the world over.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apart from being available in 3 currencies an investing in luxury goods companies the funds also offer weekly prices and redemptions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The objective of this fund is the long-term capital appreciation. This is achieved by the division of the fund in to 2 passive investment –range between 80-100% of all assets invested depending on the stylish structure developed by the investment manager(blackrock merill lynch investment manager) and dominion company. The investment manager is required to manage the basic index in this investment as prescribed. Active investment- forms up to 20% and its objective is to increase the returns and volatility reduction. The active investment is also used to invest in those newly listed companies and in new luxury goods. Assets invested There is no single definition of luxury goods and service and hence the company has luxury to mean.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those strong market brands with high innovativeness ability to chart price and supply easily forecasted growth and top class. It can also mean products and service of those companies with management, with track records.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The assets in chic fund are in the following sectors with the following geographical distribution Sector distribution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   geographical distribution Beverages and food- 17.38%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Europe-45.95% Accessories- 9.35%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   asia-13.55% Apparel- 7%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   USA -40.53% Watch, jewellery and optics- 8.04% Transport- 1% Leisure and hotels- 5.56% Sports 9.27% Retail- 3.52% Tech-18.76% Cosmetic-9.33% (http://www.dominion-funds.com/english/chic/investorsentassets.aspx) x- funds were created to utilize the returns generated by the available market based securities over the cost of sourcing funds e.g. through bank loans. The x fund have been designed to minimize the risk assonated with return of based securities and specifically for the risk and professional investors keen on getting a risk hedged investment well above average in the log term. Fund structure The fund is managed by dominion PCC limited which is a protected call company, formed in Guernsey and regulated by Guernsey financial service. Commission. It is an open ended in investment fund.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The fund is a 2 currency (euroâ‚ ¬ and US $) each containing 6 fund. The fund has 3 leveraged options. (Low to medium risk x 0) (medium risk x1) (and aggressive higher risk x 2) with 2 types of assets prudential and Norwich union with- profits funds. It also is priced weekly with monthly redemptions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   X-funds innovative investments combines with profit funds with complex credit lending thus minimizing debt usage risks in the market and at the some time the market and at the same time maximizing returns over the long term. Nature of assets Dominion x-funds are invested in the best and extensive with –profits funds. The reason why dominion has invested in there funds is that of proven unsurpassed. Past performance and their consistency which makes them reliable. In any case anyway there with profits are provided by the blue chip financial institutions in Europe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The with profits fund that dominion x- fund invests in has the following characteristics which makes them depend able for maximum returns to the investors. with profit funds are accessed only through an insurane e policy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the lalyout out features of an with profit fund is that its well founded with a long investment account that even go beyond a century. They usually involve a relatively stable portfolio that includes stocks bonds property and cash. This means that with profit funds give a level of return that barely flutualesover time. It stable level of return means that the risk involved with this port folio is low.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The other reason why dominion x-fund invests in the with profit funds only over the medium to long term is because when invested only in the short periods they are usually affected by the risk of market value reduction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   They should only be invested in the medium to long-term in order to achieve maximum capacity gains and ensure stable returns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The assets that the dominion x- fund invests in are the generic with profits, prudential international and Norwich union international funds PCC Protected cell company – open end company- that falls under the Guernsey’s companies law ( 1994) amended and protected cell companies ordinance 1997 amended. PCC as benefits which are; Funds assets fuly utilized by fund investors alone.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

The Pros And Cons Of Hiring An Expatriate Management Essay

The Pros And Cons Of Hiring An Expatriate Management Essay In this assignment, the importance of cultural factors over past knowledge experience is highlighted with the help of surveys, case studys organizational examples. The meaning definition is explained followed by the reason that make cultural factors so important for the success of an international assignment. There is a comparison made in between cultural factors past knowledge experience with the help of some real organizational experiences which include a survey case study as well. Towards the end the advantages disadvantages of hiring an expatriate based on each factor is discussed followed by a conclusion. What is Culture? Culture is a term used to define a shaping process in which members of a group or society share a distinct way of life which has common values, attitudes certain behaviours that are transmitted over time. As per Phatak(1995) A person is not born with a given culture: rather she or he acquires it through the socialization process that begins from birth: An American is not born with an inclination towards hot dogs, or a German with a preference for beer: these behavioural attributes are culturally transmitted (Dowling, Welch, Schuler,1998). International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context, 3rd ed. Peter J. Dowling, Denice E. Welch, Randall S. Schuler REASON FOR CULTURE AWARENESS IN INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNMENTS: It has been a long time that most of the multinationals are not just confined to commercial and economical enterprises but they involve political, social, scientific, athletic, religious and cultural entities. This has caused cultural differences in MNEs among both their manpower and their customers. Diversity is a fact in todays life and no organization can ignore it. Organizations are working with employees and clients who have different functional, cultural backgrounds and assumptions about the ways of decision making and communication (Zahedi, 2000). Cultural factors play a major role in international assignments because every country has a different culture and if the business people lack knowledge or sensitivity for other cultures there can be mistakes in both personal professional interactions because of which there can be clashes. People going on international assignments always think that their own country provides the best way of doing business, they behave in ways and mak e decisions that alianate their foreign counterparts leading to business and/or personal failure. Simple things such as gift giving or introductions can also create problems in international business if importance of culture is ignored. Peoples varying beliefs, values and behaviour patterns are very important for the success of an international business, including activities such as cross national negotiations, sales interactions in between people from various countries, management of the performance of employees from different countries, the treatment understanding of contracts between firms from various countries. All these activities require a good cultural knowledge of the host country (Briscoe Schuler, 2004).International Human Resource Management, 2nd ed. Dennis R. Briscoe Randall S. Schuler. In the international assignments, individuals receive poor job performance evaluation from their superiors if they have a different cultural background they do not understand cultural differences in role expectations, and do not conform to the role expectations (Stone-Romero, Stone Salas, 2003). An expatriate going abroad experiences situations that show differences in language, dress, hygiene, food attitude towards time and such situations can be difficult which can even lead to expatriate getting a cultural shock- a phenomenon which is experienced by people who move across cultures. When an expatriate goes on an international assignment, the new environment requires many adjustments to be done in a relatively short span of time which can challenge an expatriates frame of reference to such an extent that their sense of self, especially in terms of their nationality culture comes into question. Cultural shock can also cause Psychological disorientation if they do not understand or misunderstand certain cues which can further lead to negative feelings about the host country its people and a longing to return back to the home country or in severe cases failure of the international assignment. For an international assignments success activities such as hiring, promoting, rewarding, dismissal must be determined as per the practices of the host country and should be based on a value system peculiar to that countrys culture. .(Dowling, Festing Engle,2008) International Human Resource Management, 5th ed. Peter J Dowling, Marion Festing, Allen D. Engle, Sr Past Knowledge Experience versus Culture Business people with international knowledge experience operate with the expectation that the business models methods they are used to will work well in business interactions in other countries, however companies with long experience in the international field suggest that there is hardly any such positive overlap. MNEs should understand that the core of success in international assignments is cultural awareness and understanding of effects of culture on day to day business operations. As per a survey done on executives from around the world, the importance of intercultural understanding was highlighted and it was shown that countries in which people have greater cultural understanding are the ones that have an advantage in international business. Survey: A survey of more than 3,932 executives from around the world, rated countries in between 1 to 10 based on how well developed intercultural understanding is there in their business. The higher the intercultural understanding the greater is the competency success. Intercultural Understanding: Switzerland: 8.02 Egypt:6.48 Hungary: 5.18 Denmark: 6.94 China: 3.10 Israel: 5.89 Russia: 3.10 France: 5.08 Singapore: 8.02 India: 6.23 Poland: 4.57 Spain:5.42 Australia: 6.15 Malaysia: 7.30 Mexico:4.65 Korea: 5.35 Germany: 5.95 Hong Kong: 7.37 Turkey: 5.89 Italy: 5.04 Ireland: 5.30 US: 5.22 Taiwan:6.44 brazil: 5.71 If a firm enters a new country and performs its activities based on prior knowledge experience, it can cause a significant lack of trust alienation in the host country, this can have further ramifications, like attaining a quality workforce (Dowling, Welch, Schuler,1998). Example to prove importance of Cultural factors over Past knowledge Experience: For international assignments, if a MNE decides to take the enterprise culture forward it can create certain problems for e.g., MNEs originating from US UK feel that women should be assigned senior management positions but they cannot carry this culture for an enterprise in a country that is against women empowerment for e.g., Saudi Arab. Similarly a MNE originating from Asia may give importance to group loyalty discussion, with deference to senior employees in their operation however same practice cannot be carried forward while starting an international assignment in countries where individual decisions are more important (Dowling, Welch, Schuler,1998). Case Study: Experience past knowledge that works at home does not necessarily work abroad In a South Korean textile firm a Vietnamese worker was once kicked and slapped by his South Korean boss because the worker did not respond as he could not understand when his boss told him that he was in the wrong place in the factory. In South Korea it is common for employers to scold beat employees if they make mistakes. But this home practice led to a mass retaliation in kind by ten workers and the manager was hospitalised. It further led to a four day strike pay rises of ten to fifteen percent for workers. So the textile firm had to pay a lot for not considering cultural factors in Vietnam.(Dowling, Welch, Schuler,1998). International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context, 3rd ed. Peter J. Dowling, Denice E. Welch, Randall S. Schuler As per a study done to determine the affects of cultural factors on job performance it was indicated that after accounting for control variables, gender, prior overseas experience, length of stay in host country and language fluency, Cultural factors significantly related to job performance ( Ang et al.,2004) Pros Cons of Hiring an Expatriate based on Culture over Past Knowledge Experience: Experience in home country If a MNE hires expatriates based on past knowledge and experience in the home country, it can be beneficial for the control maintenance of the policies culture of the parent firm however it can lead to high expenditure in foreign assignments, difficulty in providing adequate training for foreign assignments, problems with adjustment for the expatriate and his family, problem in dealing with repatriates(when expatriates return). Experience in some other country As per Searle Ward(1990) having host country experience or friendships with host nationals greatly improves the expatriates ability to learn social skills and behaviours. Greater experience with the host culture produces greater cross-cultural adjustment. The theorists state that prior foreign experience with the host culture is positively related to adjustment provided that the experience does not serve to foster negative, unrealistic expectations of the foreign culture. There is a direct relationship between prior experience and cross-cultural adjustment , it provides an accurate and realistic representation of the host Countries policies, customs, values, etc. There is very little evidence that previous experience abroad does not always facilitate adjustment to a new expatriate environment (e.g., Black Gregersen, 1991; Cui Awa, 1992; Dunbar, 1992; Selmer, 2002). The major advantages disadvantages of hiring expatriates with past experience (both domestic and/or international) are Advantages: It leads to organizational Co-ordination Control is better facilitated maintained. It also helps promising managers with past knowledge experience in home country get international experience. People with past knowledge prove to be the best people for the job because of special skills experience. It provides an assurance that during international assignment, subsidiary will comply with companys policies, objectives etc. It has been found that researchers generally consider previous international experience to be of advantage because such experience teaches an individual the ability to generate strategies for adaptation in new situations, so the chances of assignment failure are minimized(Tye and Chen, 2005 cited in Avril Magnini,2007) Disadvantages: The Promotional opportunities of host country nationals get restricted limited. Adaptation to host country may take a really long time. Parent company nationals may impose an inappropriate headquarter style. Compensation benefits for Parent company nationals Host country nationals may differ, causing conflicts. As per Gregerson Black (1990) One of the most important reason for the expatriates failure international assignments has been the use of technical skills, rather than intercultural skills, as the most important factor in US selection for overseas assignments (Stephan, Helms Haynes,1995) Hiring on the basis of Cultural skills: However, if cultural factors are given importance and for international assignments expatriates are chosen on the basis of their understanding of the host countrys culture it can result great success for the assignment. Hofstede (1980,p. 398) suggests that the key cross-cultural skills are the ability to communicate; The ability to be non-judgemental; The ability to accept the relativity of ones own knowledge and perceptions; The ability to display empathy; The ability to be flexible; The capacity for turn-taking (letting everyone take turns in discussions); Tolerance for ambiguity. As per Fishmayr (2004), all the attributes must be viewed in the context of the host countrys culture. Each culture has its own criteria of the importance of Characteristics required for success. The major advantages disadvantages of hiring expatriate with cultural understanding are Advantages: Language other barriers of traditions are eliminated. Hiring cost is tremendously reduced, no work permit required. Continuity of management improves as HCNs stay longer in position. No government interference as the host country gets employment opportunities. Morale dedication of expatriate increases as they see career potential. (Briscoe Schuler, 2004) The expatriates who understand the social cultural environment of the host country, will be more efficient in understanding the culture of the host company. For example in individualistic cultures the organizations give importance on rewarding individual contributions, whereas in collectivists cultures the shared objectives, common interests, interdependence and communication is given more importance(Chatman et al; 1998). Such demographic compositions affect expatriate performance, creativity, motivation turnover intentions and any other job related outcomes. Among these creativity is more tangible and employee specific resource of MNEs, lack of which, may retain multinationals from keeping in touch with technological changes and development in related industries. (Avril Magnini,2007) Disadvantages: Control co-ordination of headquarters may be spoilt. HCNs will have limited growth opportunities outside the subsidiary.Hiring HCNs may limit the opportunity for PCNs to gain foreign exchange. It can lead to a federation of national rather than global units. (Briscoe Schuler, 2004).International Human Resource Management, 2nd ed. Dennis R. Briscoe Randall S. Schuler CONCLUSION Thus it can be said that the role of culture is very important in the success or failure of an international assignment. If a MNE ignores this factor it has to face serious consequences, like failure of the assignment, bad reputation, financial losses so on. However, this fact cannot be overlooked that other factors like past knowledge experience are also important and they should also be considered while choosing an expatriate. The only way to ensure that an assignment gets successful is to make sure that the expatriate chosen has good knowledge about the host country, its culture, tradition, values along with some past knowledge experience. Q: In what way is repatriation proving to be a major problem for MNEs? Critically discuss what should be the essential features of an expatriate training programme designed to assist the western expatriates adjusting to life and work in another continent. A: PREAMBLE : In this assignment, the repatriation issue is dealt with in detail. The major problem faced by the MNEs is discussed followed by the problems faced by expatriates in detail, as the problems that expatriates face have a severe impact on the MNEs in terms of productivity and staff turnover. A literature review has been used to study the past practices of MNEs that made repatriation a problem. Later on, the essential features of an expatriate training program designed for western expatriates are discussed in detail like cultural training, language training, technical management training, the importance of including preliminary visits to the host country as a part of training programme has also been stated. In the end the critical review/conclusion is given reflecting the total understanding of the topic. Definition: Repatriation is a process of returning back home at the completion of an international assignment. (Rugman Collinson,2006) The major reason that repatriation becomes a problem for MNEs is the organizations belief that returning home of expatriates should not be difficult, but many researchers have found repatriation to be a really challenging and complicated process(Cox, 2004). The main source of concern for the multinational enterprises is the repatriation turnover i.e. number of repatriates leaving the job on return (Lazarova and Cerdin, 2007). The major concern for the MNEs is the attrition rate of their repatriated employees (Gregersen, H.B., J.S. Black ,1996) .Managers returning from an international assignment are more likely to resign and look for other employment opportunities as compared to other eecutives with same domestic experience ( Stroh et al, 1998) As per the Global Relocation Trends 2003/2004 Survey (GMAC, 2004) 13 percent of the US repatriates leave the company in one year after returning from an international assignment, another 10 percent leave the following year. Baruch and Altman (2002) found in their research that 50 percent of people left the company within a few years of their return from an international assignment. Bossard and Peterson (2005) argue that, if the repatriates get frustrated due to unfulfilled expectations and lack of appreciation, they will leave the MNE. The costs of pre mature repatriation also includes losses like damaged corporate reputation and lost business opportunities. If a repatriate leaves the home organization soon after coming back from an international assignment it causes a financial setback also forces the company to lose the repatriates recently developed international experience and competence (Hyder and Lo ¨vblad, 2007). LITERATURE REVIEW: International human resource development (HRD) researchers have recognized that organizational support and training are necessary for expatriates to do a good job in overseas assignments (Hurn, 2007; Osman-Gani and Tan, 2005; Selmar, 2005; Osman-Gani, 2000; Brewster, 1993; Harvey, 1989). However, the literature concentrated on the role of training and development for successful performance in foreign assignments, but little attention has been given to the repatriation aspect. Repatriation, which is the last step of the expatriation cycle, is an under-researched dimension of international assignments (Harvey, 1989; Black, 1992; Suutari and Brewster, 2003), although its importance has been repeatedly mentioned in international business and international HR literature (Allen and Alvarez, 1998; Caligiuri and Lazarova, 2001). (Ahad Hyder,2008, pp457) As per Black Gregersen, a multinational spends a huge amount of money on each expatriate over the duration of international assignment and if the employees exit the MNE within a short duration of time, it can result in huge financial human capital losses as the knowledge, skills experience gained by expatriate are scarce in the external internal labour markets. (Dowling, Welch Schuler,1999) International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context, pp 221 Repatriation is proving to be a major problem for MNEs because they do not have any plans or training programs to handle returning expatriates the expatriates face many challanges when they come back, some of them being: 1. Readjustment Problem: There can be a readjustment problem for expatriates as when they come back they might feel that the home office job lacks the high degree of responsibility authority that they had in the overseas assignment. 2. Delay in Career Progression: They can also start feeling that the MNE does not value their international experience and their time was wasted when they were on an overseas assignment in terms of their career progression. 3. Standard of Living: The repatriates when overseas enjoy generous living allowances benefits that cannot be matched when they come back home. 4. Reverse Culture Shock: Expatriates can get a reverse culture shock because of the change in cultural lifestyle back home. 5. Increased Prices of fixed assests: Expatriates who sell their houses when going on a long international assignment for two or three years find it very difficult to purchase a new house because of increased rate of property. 6. Technological Advances: When the expatriates are abroad numerous technological advancements keep happening in the head quarter which might make the knowledge skills of expatriates obsolete. (Rugman Collinson,2006) International Business, 4th ed., Alan M. Rugman Simon Collinson, pp345 7. Conflicts: Conflicts may occur because after gaining international experience, an expatriates way of working gets influenced by foreign culture and when he comes back home, conflicts can arise if he tries to work as per the culture of the foreign country to which he was sent. For example, an American expatriate who went to Indonesia, alters his participative managerial style to one that is authoritarian because of the subsidiarys requirement, however when the expatriate returns to America tries to be authoritarian in managing style, conflicts are bound to happen. 8. Role clarity Role discretion: Role discretion means the freedom to adjust the work role to fit the individual (repatriate), making it easy for him to utilise the past international experience familiar behaviour. For most of the North American companies, role clarity role discretion remains a major repatriation issue as they do not provide role clarity discretion to returning expatriates. 9. Social Factors: On return, life may seem unexciting or dull because the social ties that the expatriate made on the foreign assignment were broken when he came back home. Families who return to their previous domestic locations often find that their relatives friends have moved away even children find it difficult to adjust to new school friends. 10. Effect on Partners career: If the repatriates partner had never worked before in the home country but got some job when he/she was abroad with his partner on international assignment, it becomes really difficult to start the career from the scratch once again when the partner returns back to the home country. As a result of all these problems MNEs have started taking repatriation much more seriously. In 1989 Harvey did a survey of the members of the Institute for International HRM of the U.S society for HRM to determine U.S firms approach towards repatriation. It was found that 31 percent of U.S firms offer repatriation program to help the repatriates in dealing with numerous problems they face on return. (Dowling, Welch Schuler,1999) Peter J. Dowling, Denice E. Welch, Randall S. Schuler International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context pp211- 225 Essential features of an expatriate training programme As organisations are becoming globalised, there is an increasing challenge to send expatriates on international assignments to complete critical tasks (Gregersen Black 1996, Brewster 1998, Downes Thomas 1999). Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) use expatriates for corporate control and expertise reasons in major global markets also to facilitate entry into new markets or to develop international management competencies (Bird Dunbar 1991, Boyacigiller 1991, Rosenzweig 1994, Shaffer, Harrison Gilley 1999, Forster 2000). (Chew,2004) Janet chew,2004, Managing MNC expatriates through crises: A challenge for International Human Resource Management A western expatriate going to another continent finds it really difficult to adjust because of several reasons like climate, culture, eating habits of people from other continents so on. To cope up with all these problems it is very essential that the expatriate gets proper training before he leaves on the assignment. The different types of training programs required by a Western expatriate can be broadly classified as: 1. Technical Training: The technology used by western countries is not same as that used in other continents so the expatriate should be made familiar with the technologies used by that foreign organization to which he is going. He should also be briefed on the local attitudes of people over there towards technology innovation transfer. 2. Management Training: An expatriate sent to other countries on a specific project holds a particular designation so it is very important that the western expatriate is made aware of the administrative responsibilities for the post. a)He should also be made aware of policies regarding ethical issues. b)He should be told about the companys organizational structure, strategies opportunities for change, organizational climate, informal structures. c)He should also be trained on conflict management. d)The western expatriate should be trained on the business environment of the host country, a description of local international markets should be given along with information about competitors, distributors, tariff other barriers e) He should be well trained in marketing issues strategies, pricing strategies, advertising promotional strategies that work in other continents. f)The expatriate needs to have knowledge about human resource issues, labour relations policies, salary reward structures other policies followed in the host country.(Mead,1994) 3. Cross-cultural training : Such training aims at achieving three major outcomes (Black Mendenhall,1990) For western expatriates it is the most important part of the training as: a) It teaches them about the other culture, values practices within that culture. It also helps the expatriate his spouse in learning about different situations that they might encounter. It also gives them a knowledge as to how the culture is reflected in political, historical economic data. b) It also helps them to develop non-evaluative attitudes towards other culture, teaches them how to express cultural values in their behavior, this also helps them to predict when culture will be a factor in determining behavior. c) Cross-cultural training teaches expatriates how culture affects attitude towards work; motivation, organizational climate, degree of personal involvement etc. It teaches them how culture influences relations between organizations how it influences formal interactions.(Mead,1994) As per Treven (2003) the most important part of expatriate training is cross-cultural training. It helps to prepare expatriate managers to live, work survive in a different cultural environment. It is important as dealing with new culture surroundings appears to be even more difficult than the assignment itself. Treven (2003) also underlines that it is important to train managers their families both before leaving for the other country and during the assignments. Tsang (1994) identified six types of cross-cultural trainings, which are used by the US, European and other western countries. (1) Environmental briefings in order to provide information about climate, geography, housing and schools. (2) Orientation on culture in order to familiarize the expatriate with cultural institutions and value systems of host country. (3)Cultural assimilators using approaches aiming at exposing members of one culture to some basic ideas, approaches, role perception and habits of the other culture. (4) Sensitivity training to increase attitudinal flexibility. (5) Field experience, which sends the person to the country of assignment in order to help him deal with emotional stress of living and working with people who differ culturally. 6) Language training . 4. Language training: An important issue that Treven (2003) underlines is the language training for the expatriate family, as it provides the recognition of a new culture, including such a cultural elements as history, economy, politics, religion, social atmosphere and business practices. Without language training survival becomes difficult. (Karcz, Liu Adamska,2006) How to survive as an expatriate in china-A case study based on three companies IKEA, NCR Texol, 2006, Kamila Karcz, Rongzhi Liu, Joanna Adamska 5. Preliminary visits family considerations: One of the most important technique that is useful for western expatriates is preliminary visit to the host country. It serves to introduce the expatriate to the business context in the host country also helps in pre departure preparation and initial adjustment. As per Price waterhouse survey in 1997-1998, 53 percent of the MNEs always provide preliminary visits to its expatriates and around 38 percent use it in certain circumstances. This practice can become a bit problematic for expatriates as they find it difficult to reject the assignment in spite of not liking the host country because a huge amount of MNEs capital gets invested in the visit. (Dowling, Welch Schuler,1999). Family members must be involved in relocation decisions and preparation (Hogan and Goodson, 1990). Stress and culture shock can effect the family and if not addressed in time can become a negative force in an overseas assignment. Black and Stephens (1989) found spouse adjustment to interaction with the host-country was correlated with the expatriates intentions to complete the assignment. Researchers including Gregersen and Black (1990) stress the importance of developing the intercultural skills of both expatriates and their families. (Stephan, Helms Haynes,1995) CRITICAL REVIEW (CONCLUSION) As per research done by Gregerson Black(1996) there were significant differences in the motivation expectations of the expatriate those of the MNE. The expatriates accepted international assignments for career progression, compensation adventure however the MNE sought it as a means of transferring home corporate culture and expanding business in global markets. Most of the MNEs during the 1970 and 1980s were experiencing difficulty agreeing on the appropriate skills and competencies training that were required by western expatriates to be successful on an international assignment. The main points of disagreement were: Corporate leaders could not agree on the importance of prior international experience and expertise the expatriate should have before taking an international assignment. Some of them believed prior international experience was necessary, others felt that an employees success at the domestic level, rather than international experience, was the key predictor to being a successful expatriate. MNEs were struggling to discover an effective training and development model to help them in preparing expatriates to be successful in their overseas assignment. In 1970s and 1980s less than 30% of employees who were sent on 1 to 5 years assignments received some type of training before undertaking international responsibilities. Top management generally did not consider trainings importance in contributing to an expatriates successful performance. MNEs did not encourage the need of customized training programs for expatriates within the host country. Training received was generic in nature and mainly offered within the western countrys borders. MNEs, in mos

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Nicotine Essay -- Cigarettes Addiction Tobacco Papers

Nicotine Cigarette smoking has been known for years to impair health of smokers and nonsmokers exposed to smoke in various ways such as by damaging the lungs and circulatory system. Nicotine, present in mainstream and sidestream smoke, is believed to be one of the most toxic components of tobacco. In 1994, David Kessler, commissioner of the FDA, launched an attack on tobacco companies, claiming they deliberately increased nicotine levels in cigarettes. Nicotine has been shown in various experiments to induce tolerance in smokers by its effects on the CNS and dopaminergic receptors. David Kessler believes nicotine to be addictive and desires the FDA to regulate nicotine as any drug such as cocaine. If the agency can prove that nicotine is addictive and that the manufacturers of tobacco products have control over the levels of nicotine in their products, the road is open to regulating cigarettes. Although there have been some experiment that disprove nicotines adverse effects, most studies point to nicotine as a very toxic agent. Nicotine is not essential to tobacco products. It is a naturally occurring slightly basic alkaloid with a pyridine and a pyrrolidine ring. It is estimated that the average smoker inhales with each puff, a dose of nicotine equivalent to .1mg nicotine given intravenously. Nicotines pKa is 9. Its half-life is two hours. Nicotine is converted to its metabolites by the P450 enzyme system and by aldehyde oxidases. Nicotine and its metabolites, such as cotinine, Nnitrosomornicotinine (NNN), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)1-butanone (NNK) are toxic to humans. As is shown in P4, many people in the United States smoke. The average mg of nicotine per cigarette has declined in the United States in the1980... ... of Epidemiology.124.633-640(1986). 23.Maritz et al. The Influence of Maternal Nicotine Exposure On the Interalveolar Septal Status of Neonatal Rat Lung.Cell Biology International.18.747-754(1994). 24.Rajini et al. Short-Term Effects of Sidestream Smoke On Respiratory Epithelial Cells of Mice: Cell Kinetics.Experimental and Applied Toxicology.22.405-410. 25.Maritz et al. Nicotine Exposure: Responses of Type II Pneumocytes of Neonatal Rat Pups. American Journal of Pathology.82.124-136(1992) 26.Joad et al. Intrauterine Effects of Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Exposure On Lung Function, Hyperresponsiveness, and Neuroendocrine Cells In Rats.Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.132.63-71(1994). 27.US Surgeon General(1982) The Health Consequences of Smoking - Cancer.US Public Health Service PHHS.(PHS) 82-50179, US Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Cardiovascular Case Study: Atrial Septal Defect

Atrial Septal Defect(ASD) is a very large problem concerning the heart in its overall function. When the heart, being the core of the cardiovascular system, has issues; it effects the rest of the body as a result. The core of the problem resides in the atrial septum. Normally the heart is divided into four separate chambers. But a person with atrial septal defect has an atrial septum that allows the blood from the left side of the heart back into the right side. This results in increased pulmonary blood flow and diastolic overload of the right ventricle.By having this constant left-to-right shunt, it can alter the pulmonary vascular resistance leading to hypertension or even the reversal of the shunt itself. There are three types of Atrial Septal Defects: ostium secundum, ostium primum, and sinus venosus. The opening of the atrial septum may be small, on the count of the foramen ovale failing to close; or large, when the septum is completely absent from the heart itself. There is a v ery logical explanation between Ryans inability to gain weight, as well as not taking an interest in food during meals.His body isn't able to grow normally because the exchange of nutrients and waste products in his body is completely deficient. He isn't absorbing the adequate amount of nutrients that his body needs. Him being 11-months old, this causes a huge problem because nutrition is extremely important. His heart is working less efficiently, which makes the blood traveling throughout his body subsequently deficient as well. All of the systems in Ryans body are going to be affected by his diagnosis of Atrial Septal Defect. Ryans growth and development is not appropriate for his age.Ryan was born weighing 7lbs, and now, 11 months later he is 15. 4 lbs. He is close to being a 1 year old, and his birth weight should be a little less that triple the amount that he was at birth. Ryan should be approximately 21 lbs at his current age, leaving about a 5-6 lb deficit. Ryans parents sta ted that he doesn't crawl or attempt to stand because of the fact that he gets out of breath easily. This is being caused by the Atrial Septal Defect. All he can do is sit unsupported, which he should have been able to do at 8 months.At 11 months old, Ryan should be able to stand upright holding onto an adults hand, as well as feed himself finger foods and drink from a sippy cup. He should be able to pull himself up to a standing position as well. Also, sleeping after eating is just an indication of how much energy it is for him to complete a meal, which is making him uninterested in food overall. Again, all of these factors seem to be affected by his current diagnosis. Ryan is currently on Digoxin 200 micrograms and Furosemide 10 mg q day.He is prescribed Digoxin because this medication increases overall cardiac output as well as slowing the heart rate. This is good for Ryan, because at this point he is not receiving the appropriate amount of output needed for his growth and develo pment. Furosemide is a diuretic that treats fluid retention as well as hypertension. This is important because when there is a defect with the heart, pulmonary issues may occur when fluid retention begins. Also, Ryan is currently predisposed to hypertension because of his condition. Ryans current Potassium level was at a 2. 9 mml/L.Adequate levels of Potassium compared to his age should be at 3. 3-4. 7 mmol/L. Too little Potassium affects the hearts frequency as well as contractions. His Digoxin levels were tested to see if the medication was becoming toxic. He was at a 2. 6 ng/ml which is in the upper limits, but not enough to be considered toxic. Here are some examples of nursing diagnosis' that patients like Ryan would have: Risk for deficient fluid volume related to preoperative diarrhea. Impaired nutrition; less than body requirements. Decreased cardiac output related to pre-existing compromise in cardiac function.Fatigue related to decreased cardiac output. Nursing Diagnosis' for Ryan Post Operative would be: Risk for infection related to surgical incision. Acute pain related to post operative surgery. Impaired verbal communication related to age. Risk for aspiration related to immobility. Teaching is such a vital component in ensuring that all patients are fully aware of their medical condition. Ryan, being an 11 month old, the teaching must go to his parents. They will need to be supplied information about Atrial Septal Defect, surgeries involved, and the prognosis when completed.They will need specific information about the medications that Ryan is going to be on. They will need to be aware of the medications actions, side effects, and possible signs of toxicity/allergies. If Ryan were to have surgery, they would need to be taught how to care for the incision properly to avoid infection. They will need to know the signs and symptoms of infection. Last, they will need to ensure that they are constantly promoting proper growth and development with Ryan, so a daily plan must be made. That includes activities, diet, etc.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Ethics Reflection Paper

Ethics Reflection Paper Free Online Research Papers Ethics Reflection Paper Ethics and social responsibility are both very important elements that can determine the success of a business. When a strategic plan is implemented, it should take account of the stakeholders needs by making sure what position ethics and social responsibility will play. I have been in the automotive industry for nearly 20 years and I have watched how certain companies no longer put ethics and social responsibility for the consumer’s first but only to gain wealth for the stakeholders. A good example: Toyota’s brakes malfunction on numerous vehicles. Several people lost their lives and many were seriously injured because the brakes failed to stop. Toyota first blamed the floor mats for the cause, and asked consumers to remove them. Yet months later through an investigation it was determine that Toyota had known the problem was the brake pedals. Toyota’s president eventually had to go public, and ask the consumers to continue to believe in their product by reassuring the public that every measure is being taken to correct this problem. Nevertheless, many lawsuits have been filed against Toyota for the deaths and injures, 16 million in fines owed to the federal government and the company’s reputation is at stake. Toyota had a social responsibility to inform immediately the consumers and by not doing so Toyota was ethical wrong. Ethics are guiding principles used to help management and employees conduct themselves according to the values and standards set forth by the company. To ensure employees understand the rules and make good ethical decisions, a company’s plan should exemplify the beliefs and values that the business and their employees consider most important. Many of these principles and values are found in the company’s mission, vision, and philosophy statements that provide course, reason, and a clear understanding of an organization’s behavioral expectations and decisions made by the stakeholders. Pearson and Robinson (2004) stated â€Å"central to the belief that companies should be operated in a socially responsive way for the benefit of all stakeholders is the belief that managers will behave in an ethical manner† (p. 60). I have worked for a major automotive company and I have observed how quality has been compromised. It starts with allowing a small defective scratch on a part to allowing parts that have rusted because of poor construction to still be used. This is all permitted because of the high cost of rework or possibly scrapping inventory. The consumer spends $30,000 on a vehicle with hidden flaws and the company hopes it will not later be a problem. Where is the ethics and social responsibility to produce a car that measures up to the company’s name and standards. As a manager in an UAW plant, I have been told by my upper management to over look if I think or know an hourly employee perhaps is high or intoxicated just as long as the employee is doing his or her job, even if its at the expense of someone’s safety. The company’s mission and vision statement both state quality first yet there is a mixed message. Even though a plan is in place and ethical guidelines are established, unethical behavior is always present at a management or a secondary level. I am a business student completing my master’s degree and my ethical perspective has changed a great deal through this program. My business classes at University of Phoenix all related to some degree the study of ethics. My prior research on such company’s as Enron and WorldCom have given me a better understanding of unethical behavior and what it takes to make a business successful or be unsuccessful. Businesses and individuals should make a conscious attempt to exhibit ethical behavior at all times. The ethical guidelines should be adopted by all management levels to govern him or her accordingly. My ethics awareness inventory scores: Results mostly and Equity least, I agree with these findings. I am a person who depends on results. I believe my years in the automotive industry contribute to my perspectives on ethics and validate these scores to be accurate. I am a person who needs to see results that are positive. Because my industry is an assembly plant the product must be completed which, mean completely assembled is the final result. Fairness is not something I observe daily. Nepotism occurs daily, a person is awarded a promotion from the boss because he or she is either a golf buddy or a relative and not because he or she is qualified to do the job. So that explains why I scored so low in equity. Fairness does not always occur in my workplace world. My score in the ethnical choices in the workplace was 72 that indicated I need to initiate more openness. Reference Pearce, J.A., Robinson, R.B. (2009). Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, And control. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin Research Papers on Ethics Reflection PaperMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaResearch Process Part OneTwilight of the UAWThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Definition of Export QuotasGenetic Engineering

Monday, October 21, 2019

16 Memorable Quotes From Anne of Green Gables

16 Memorable Quotes From 'Anne of Green Gables' Review memorable quotes from Anne of Green Gables to better understand its characters, themes, and plot devices. Whether you review them before you read the book, while youre reading it or afterward, youll improve your comprehension of this work by  Lucy Maud Montgomery and get better acquainted with protagonist Anne Shirley, a redheaded orphan with a wild imagination and a talent for getting into trouble.   What Anne Says About Herself Im not a bit changednot really. Im only just pruned down and branched out. The real MEback hereis just the same.Theres such a lot of different Annes in me. I sometimes think that is why Im such a troublesome person. If I was just the one Anne it would be ever so much more comfortable, but then it wouldnt be half so interesting.And people laugh at me because I use big words. But if you have big ideas you have to use big words to express them, havent you?When I left Queens my future seemed to stretch out before me like a straight road. I thought I could see along it for many a milestone. Now there is a bend in it. I dont know what lies around the bend, but Im going to believe that the best does. It has a fascination of its own, that bend, Marilla. Trouble and Wickedness Its so easy to be wicked without knowing it, isnt it?Its all very well to read about sorrows and imagine yourself living through them heroically, but its not so nice when you really come to have them, is it?Youd find it easier to be bad than good if you had red hair... People who havent red hair dont know what trouble is.For we pay a price for everything we get or take in this world; and although ambitions are well worth having, they are not  to be cheaply won, but exact their dues of work and self-denial, anxiety and discouragement.Next to trying and winning, the best thing is trying and failing.Marilla, isnt it nice to think that tomorrow is a new day with no mistakes in it yet? Setting the Scene The night was clear and frosty, all ebony of shadow and silver of snowy slope; big stars were shining over the silent fields; here and there the dark pointed first stood up with snow powdering their branches and the wind whistling through them.Look at that sea, girlsall silver and shadow and vision of things not seen. We couldnt enjoy its loveliness any more if we had millions of dollars and ropes of diamonds.Anne always remembered the silvery, peaceful beauty and fragrant calm of that night. It was the last night before sorrow touched her life; and no life is ever quite the same again when once that cold, sanctifying touch has been laid upon it. Miscellaneous The goblins of her fancy lurked in every shadow about her, reaching out their cold, fleshless hands to grasp the terrified small girl who had called them into being.Mrs. Lynde says that sound doctrine in the man and good housekeeping in the woman make an ideal combination for a ministers family.Isnt it splendid to think of all the things there are to find out about? It just makes me feel glad to be aliveits such an interesting world. It wouldnt be half so interesting if we know all about everything, would it? Thered be no scope for imagination then, would there? Wrapping Up Now that youve reviewed some memorable quotes from this classic, explore the novel further by learning about some of the ways the novel has been adapted over the years.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Catchy Blog Titles 5 Steps, 100+ Formulas, 500+ Words

Catchy Blog Titles 5 Steps, 100+ Formulas, 500+ Words Do you like catchy blog titles like these? What 10 Studies Say About The Best Times To Post On Social Media How To Attract An Audience With The Best Blog Photography Tips (+128 Free Images) 21+ Easy Ways To Build An Email List That Will Skyrocket By 552% In 1 Year The 10-Minute, 10-Step Solution For The Best Blog Outline Data and psychology say you do. And so will your audience when you apply this method to your own blog posts. So would you like to learn how to write catchy blog titles like that? If youre genuinely interested in writing better, catchier, and awesome-r blog titles for your already great content, youre in the right place.  This post is going to help you maximize the time you invest in writing your  awesome content to help you get more social media shares and traffic from your blog titles. Youre going to learn how to use  the four pillars of awesome content in  your blog titles, how to  use psychology to increase shares and clicks, and how to use the best words to capture your audiences unique interest. To top it off, youll even get a ton of  proven catchy blog title templates, formulas, and structures weve seen work for getting more social shares and traffic. Lets do this thing. 5 Easy Steps And 100+ Formulas For The Best #BlogTitles That Will Quadruple Traffic3 Free Resources to Write Catchier Blog Titles Start writing better headlines now with these three free downloads: A Catchy Blog Titles inforgraphic that breaks down the elements of strong blog headlines. A Blog Title Performance Tracking Template to help you A/B test blog titles when shared on social media. A Content Calendar Excel Template to store your headline ideas and plan every blog post you write. Step 1: Write Catchy Blog Titles With The  4 Pillars Of Successful Content A very basic principle in content marketing is to  look back at your  best content and repeat its success. I've recently taken this idea to the next level at to help us use our data from past content to help us plan better content and actually predict future growth. That analysis revealed that top-performing content reflects four key traits extremely well. On the other hand,  worst-performing content does  poorly in all four areas. Simply rank each blog post according to four questions, giving each question a 1–3 ranking (meaning a top post according to your  gut would be a 12 whereas the worst would be a 4.) Was this a topic your readers would be deeply interested in learning more about? Was this post deeply researched to share unique and better information than any other source on the Internet? Did the post turn the research into actionable, exhaustive how-to advice? Was the keyword well-chosen and optimized throughout the post to help you  experience long-term traffic? After you rank them, compare each blog post's score to its page views to translate your  gut into actual data. The results should show that  most  of your  high scoring content ends up being your  best performing blog posts. If not, you just learned a lot about how your gut is off, and you can use your new knowledge backed by data to  strategically choose to publish better content. You can do this process for your content, too. But the point is: Since the idea of solid topic, research, depth, and keywords define success for content, your blog titles should reflect those qualities to connect with your audience from the moment they see your headlines. Translate your gut into data to strategically create better #content. #bloggingShare The Value Your Readers Will Get Behind The Click. The #1 thing that will help you write successful blog titles is by first creating content your audience will be deeply interested in learning more about. It makes sense, right? That's why this post kinda started off with that tangent, but it's coming full circle right now: Use the words  that describe the topic in your blog title. Avoid ambiguity. Ask yourself the question, "If I were a member of my audience, why would I read this blog post instead of any others like it? Why?" Then, like a little kid,  go down the why rabbit hole to get to the core value you're providing to your readers. Just like you would with marketing a product, define the value proposition for your blog posts and include that in your blog titles. From there, define the single best value proposition for your content. For example,  after a ton of brainstorming, this blog post's value proposition is to increase traffic. Recent research shows 29% of content marketers measure success primarily through social media and 38% see traffic as their #1 form of measurement. This blog post helps both of those groups of content marketers reach their goals. Pro Tip: Write your blog title  before you write your blog post. This practice will help you define the value proposition so you can connect it into the blog post, which guarantees your blog title will deliver on its promise. Use Numbers And Facts To Get 206% More Traffic To Your Blog Posts. ^See what I did there? The second pillar of successful content is to back up  the claims  you made in your value proposition with research. This is where you prove to your audience that your blog post is different because it's actually based on real success they could also experience if they just read your blog post. Use Numbers And Facts In Your #BlogTitles To Get 206% More Traffic To Your Blog Posts.Informal research from Canva and Ian Cleary of Razor Social suggests that including numbers in your blog titles  can double your social shares. Data from Brian Dean at Backlinko also suggests that including numbers in your blog titles  can increase your clickthrough rate by 36%! There are a few  ways to do this: Outline your blog post in the form of a list. Use the number of points from your list in your headline. Put a  real number to your value proposition. If your value proposition is to save time, your number could be  save 30 minutes of time. If your value proposition is to generate more sales, your number could be  generate 32% more sales. Share the sample size of your data to increase your credibility. For example, if your  post is about managing multiple projects at once and you sourced tips from 100 industry experts, include that number in your blog title. You get the picture. The blog post you're reading right now has several numbers; I chose to focus on 500 words, 100 templates, and the results you could achieve if you follow this advice with 438% more traffic.  We drew those 500 words from more than 1 million of the most-shared headlines we've seen go through , so I could have also included that number. Pro Tip: If you  have multiple numbers to increase your credibility and your audience's perception of success, write several headlines  with multiple numbers.  Then  A/B test them to eventually choose the best one and change your blog title even after your post publishes. That will give you more initial shares and click-throughs and  will boost your long-term traffic to that blog post. This is not blowing smoke. Seven  of our top 10 posts on the blog have at least one number in the blog title, if not more. And of those seven, six are in the top six positions and  they get on average 206% more traffic than an average blog post. Tell The Story And Deliver On The Expectation. The third pillar of awesome sauce content is depth and delivering on the promises you made in your blog title with your value proposition and research. Good #blog titles  are only as good as the extensive  advice that follows the click. #bloggingWhen you translate this to your blog title, it means telling the story truthfully and as clearly as you can. If your blog post doesn't follow through on the value proposition or you can't back up your number, you're doing it wrong. This is where you translate your actionable, in-depth, how-to advice into a few words that help your readers understand what to expect after clicking through to read your content: Critically analyze the words you use to make sure you deliver on your promise. For example, if you use the word template in your blog title, your audience will likely expect a free download of some kind. Make sure your blog post delivers on that promise. Consider searcher  intent when you write your blog titles. Ask yourself, "As a user, what would I expect to read if I clicked through on this blog title?" Critique the way you  include numbers to make sure you deliver on the promise. It seems obvious, but it's incredible how often blog titles  don't deliver on the promises they make. I wanted to include examples of successful blog titles  outside the marketing industry to complement this post. Unfortunately, I was super dismayed by the sheer lack of quality behind the headlines I found because they were purely click bait. Here are some things to look out for: I searched for "manage multiple projects" and clicked through to see the headlines: How to Manage Multiple Projects – 5 Things You Need 5 Most Common Mistakes in Managing Multiple Projects: Micromanagement Leadership (Part 1) How to Manage Multiple Projects Managing Multiple Projects, Objectives and Deadlines 7 Ways to Juggle Multiple Project Tasks- and Get Things Done The top five search results promised how to resolve my challenge to manage multiple projects at once, but they barely scratched the surface. You can avoid situations like these for yourself by thinking of searcher intent: As a searcher, I want to know how to manage multiple projects at once. As a searcher, I want detailed information on process- so a step-by-step procedure would be great. As a searcher, I don't care about your blog's word count goals but rather  getting all of the information I need to do my job better. If you were to click-through the top five search results for this example,  most of the blog posts don't deliver on these three searcher stories (to use a term  from agile project management). In fact, #2 only delivers one  mistake instead of the five it promises while all of the others neglect the how to nature they promise. That causes poor  reader experience  that could  increase your bounce rate and cause you to lose fans like my friend John here who commented on a recent post Ben wrote: Good blog titles  are only as good as the actionable, in-depth, and how-to advice that follows  after the clickthrough. Takeaway: Write blog titles  that tell the complete story in your posts, and deliver on the promise you make. If you're not sure if you're making this mistake, take a look at your bounce rate in Google Analytics. If it's more than 5%, you  can use the advice from this post to help you work through even better blog titles. Use The Keyword In Your Blog Title. The fourth pillar of great content is  optimizing it for your audience to find it via search engines.  The 17% of you who put 5–10 hours into writing blog posts can get more traffic from your content if you simply optimize it so people can find it when they need it. I say it that way because Google seems to reward longer content with better rankings. And if time is an indicator of length, depth, covering everything having to do with that topic and giving actionable stories, then those who spend more time creating content have  more opportunity to get traffic and social shares from this pillar of successful blog posts. Relating that back to your blog titles, Brian Dean recently researched the top 200 ranking factors that make Google tick, and one of them was this: H1 tags are a â€Å"second title tag† that sends another relevancy signal to Google, according to results from this correlation study. What Brian is trying to say, is  that when you target a keyword in your  blog posts, it makes sense to include that keyword  in your blog titles for your page title and H1. Brian also notes that including the keyword closer to the beginning of your blog title (specifically in your page title) helps search engines understand the importance of it in relation to your post. Step 2: Use Psychological Triggers In Your Blog Titles To Encourage More Social Shares Jonah Berger is the author of Contagious: Why Things Catch On, and found there are six STEPPS behind the psychology of contagious content: Social currency: People talk about things to make them look good. Triggers: Topics  that are at the top of your mind are at the tip of your tongue. Emotion: When you care about something, you share it. Public: When you see people doing something, you'll imitate it. Practical value: You share things to help others. Stories: You like to share things that are wrapped in narratives. I'll let Jonah himself explain his research a little more thoroughly: Neil Patel also  researched a few different studies to find five  key elements that help  influence social shares: Curiosity Amazement Interest Astonishment Uncertainty And when the New York Times analyzed why their readers were sharing content, they found people share: Valuable and entertaining content to change opinions or encourage action. Content that helps define who they are and what they care about. Information that helps them stay in touch with people  and maintain relationships. Content that helps them feel involved in the world. Content that supports causes or brands they care about. Now, all of  this  goes way beyond writing catchy blog titles, and it's  all great advice you can use to craft even better content.  But let's take all of  this research  and apply it to your blog titles specifically: Appeal To Your Audience's Emotional Need For Resolution. Appeal to  the emotional reasons people would read your content. Understanding your readers' challenges  and suggesting your blog post offers a solution immediately from your headline will encourage clicks and shares. For example, think of headlines that include  that will messaging in them:  21+ Easy Ways To _____  That Will Skyrocket Your Followers By 552% In 1 Year. Recommended Reading: Proof that Emotional Headlines Get Shared More on Social Media Focus On The Remarkability Within Your Content. Take advantage of trendy words and appeal to entertainment, amazement, and astonishment. Jonah uses the word remarkable often to describe content that gets shared- so include noteworthy information in your blog titles that shows the remarkable information your readers will get after they click. For example, Neil Patel offers this example for a blog title that amazes:  How Spending $162,301.42 on Clothes Made Me $692,500. That  blog title also has numbers as proof that you can experience the same success as Neil if you just follow his advice. Make Your Audience Feel Like Rock Stars Among Their Peers. Write  your blog titles to help people look good. Your readers  want to feel successful, engaged in the world, and be supportive. Your readers  feel as though the blog titles from the content they share- like yours- define who they are as people. A great way to connect this emotion to your blog titles is through uncertainty.  When someone reads your blog post, they know the answer to something others don't- so let them boast their knowledge while also encouraging more clicks back to your content. Do this by asking questions. And not just any questions. Close-ended questions that essentially cause your readers to answer with yes or no. In a recent case study, I found that social messages with close-ended questions get more clickthroughs than any other type of social message we shared. In fact, close-ended questions get 255% more clickthroughs than open-ended questions! For example, write a blog title like: Are You Using _____  To Get 277% More _____?  Blog titles like this suggest that the sharer knows the answer and is getting the kind of success your headline promises. It also makes anyone seeing that blog title feel the fear of missing out (FOMO) that will encourage them to click through just to know the answer. And hey, you might get the snowball effect of yet another share. Provide A Practical Way To Solve A Problem. Blog titles that focus on practical value are those that offer how-to, actionable, and oftentimes  step-by-step solutions to problems. They cover information that is interesting- not the same-old thing that feels like it's been done over and over again. You can do this by differentiating your  blog titles by including your value proposition in them directly. For example, this blog title includes the value proposition of doing something super quickly (because who has time these days) coupled with a promise of doing it in 10 quick steps:  The 10-Minute, 10-Step Solution For The Best _____. Step 3: Use Catchy Words That Are Proven To Increase Action So other than focusing on telling  a complete story with your blog title and connecting it to your audience's emotional needs, what specific words make certain blog titles catchier than others? Do You Use The Words Your Audience Uses In Your Blog Titles? That's a good question  and one that Joanna Wiebe from Copy Hackers has an answer to. Joanna is a copywriting genius. When I read her Headlines, Subheadlines, and Value Propositions  book recently, one very interesting point really stuck with me (among tons of others- you should totally check out her  book since you're interested in writing better blog titles): Use the words your audience uses in your blog titles. That's a very simple idea, and it's one that can help you connect with your audience immediately because it's exactly how they think. While planning  a headline test with Crazy Egg's website, Joanna surveyed their users by asking them to describe Crazy Egg in two to three words. From there, she worked  the most-used words into her headlines to connect with  an audience like Crazy Egg's existing users. That. Is. Brilliant. So when we launched a new course recently, I took Joanna's advice  and  used the words from our audience's biggest challenges in the headline to connect with their lingo immediately: The words were:  on track, organized, and save time. The result? For an initial launch just to our existing email subscribers, 2,181 people signed up with page view to signup conversion rate of 27%! You can apply that same strategy to the words you use in your blog titles  by sending a simple survey to your existing email subscribers. Just promise them a reward (a free e-book or  exclusive content of some kind is perfect for this), that it'll only take two minutes, and ask one simple question: "What is your biggest professional challenge as a (insert job title here)?" That will  not only give you tons of blog post ideas; you'll also have their own words you can use in all of your copy- and blog titles- moving forward. Use Words Proven To Increase Your Social Media Shares. Since is a social media editorial calendar tool, we have access to millions of blog titles. Literally. So, being the data nerds we are, we looked at more than 1 million headlines and found the words used most often in the top shared content. From there, we compiled a list for you of those 500 words to use as a tear sheet for inspiration  the next time you're writing blog titles: Pro Tip: Use these words with the headline analyzer to increase  your grade and score as you write your blog titles. Step 4: Rock These Catchy Blog Title Templates To  Jumpstart Your Creativity So you could take  all the advice from this post and start writing catchy blog titles right now. You know the background of your four pillars of successful content, how to connect to your audience emotionally, and how to use catchy words in your headlines. Or you could get a little more advice from the headline pros out there with some formulas so you don't have to come up with everything from scratch. Sound good? Let's take a look at the best blog title templates from around the Interwebs. Write better headlines with formulas from Joanna Wiebe of Copy Hackers:  Joanna wrote an amazing post with every copywriting formula you could imagine. In it, she says she keeps a swipe file handy for when she sees cool headlines she'd like to use for inspiration later on. Might be something for you to consider, too. :) Write magnetic headlines with templates from Brian Clark of Copyblogger: Brian is a genius when it comes to writing pretty much anything. He has some great advice for using social proof, insider knowledge, and appealing to ease to get more traffic. Get attention with headline templates from Michael Hyatt:  Michael is a friend of who's built a platform of 615,597 fans to date. His blog titles definitely tie into the information throughout this post, and his templates- though simple- are extremely effective at getting more readers. Increase conversions with  headline formulas from Sherice Jacob on the Crazy Egg blog:  Sherice takes the stance that  writing great copy is an art and a science. She's helped a bunch of folks increase conversion rates with her headline writing skillz. Since Crazy Egg- a tool that helps people get better conversions- thought this information was awesome, I thought you gals and guys would enjoy it, too. Get more social shares with a little advice from users: We recently analyzed the 4,302,684  blog titles in our database, focusing on the headline structure behind the 1,000 most popular posts that got the most social shares of any content we've ever seen. Those formulas are proven to increase your chances of getting more social shares from your blog titles. To top off that list, I'd also like to share the blog title structures from our top-performing content on the blog: What {#}  Studies Say About  {Subject} {#} {Noun}  That Are Proven To  {Desirable Outcome} {#} Ways To Be {Adjective}  When You Don’t  {Verb} {Adjective} How To {Verb}  An {Audience} With The Best {Subject}  Tips (+{#} Free {Resources}) {#} Data-Driven {Noun}  From {#}  Of The Most Popular  {Noun} {#}+ Easy Ways To {Verb  A  {Noun}  That Will Skyrocket By {#}% In 1 Year How To Use {Noun}  To Increase Your  {Desirable Outcome} The {#}-Minute, {#}-Step Solution For The Best  {Noun} How To Rock A {Noun}  That Will Save You Tons Of Time How To {Verb}  Your {Noun}  For Massive Growth If you start with these ten blog title formulas and write  'em in the headline analyzer, I can nearly guarantee you'll get an awesome grade and score which means you'll get more social shares for your hard work. Which brings me to the last step here... How To Write Catchy Blog Titles With 100+ Proven Templates That Increase Social SharesStep 5: Use 5 Blog Title Tools To Take Your Headlines To The Next Level Woohoo! You made it and understand the best ways to write  super catchy blog titles. Let's  just say you're having a bit of trouble staying inspired.  There are some great  tools out there to help you out: Impact has a blog title generator that helps you insert a topic you'd like to write about and spits out all sorts of headlines to get the inspiration going. Similarly, HubSpot as a blog topic generator that will help you enter in a couple nouns that you might use in your blog post (think about using the keyword), and generate a bunch of topics based on your nouns. Where HubSpot starts, SEOPressor takes it a step further and literally asks you to enter a keyword into their blog title generator to get the ideas flowing. And if you're looking for something a little more humorous and trendy, the content idea generator by Portent is the one for you. Last but not least, once you come up with your headline through any of these generators, run it through the headline analyzer  (which is now built directly into your editorial calendar, too). While your blog title might be close, you could probably use a few of the lessons you've learned from this post- along with the huge list of emotional words- to improve your blog title even further to increase your social shares. How To Use What You've Learned In A Meaningful Way You're a headline  maniac now with your 5-step process for writing a super catchy blog title. I wanted to recap with a bit of advice you might have seen from us in the past because if you're serious about improving your blog titles, this is how to take what you just learned to the next level: Write your headline first- before writing your post. That will help you focus on the value proposition to keep your writing on track. Write at least 25 headlines for every post. Your first take at this might feel awkward, and this process gives you the chance to work through tons of ideas to find the best ones you can use in A/B tests. When you put the time into writing great blog titles, use them for multiple purposes. Share alternative versions you came up with in your blog title brainstorm on social media, and A/B test your headlines in your email subject lines. Download and use alternative headlines throughout your post to encourage more social shares. Don't worry so much about the mechanics. Word count and length- though important in some contexts like subject lines- don't matter as much as the catchiness factor you learned about in this post. If you decide to write catchy headlines  through this process, make sure the content behind the click is just as powerful as your promise. Plan time to improve your blog titles by analyzing  data from your own audience. This  process definitely works for increasing traffic and social shares- but you may have to adjust the pillars according to your own findings. You've got this. :)

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Miranda Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Miranda Rights - Research Paper Example Arguments against Miranda Rights have to contend with counter-arguments that not having this protective mechanism in place will open citizens to potential rights abuses, and that not having this mechanism will remove a key set of information that individuals need when dealing with police. Those in favor of Miranda Rights must deal with the thought that they do not really change or better society in any substantive way. A comparison of these arguments and their relative worth is necessary to establish how much progress Miranda Rights have made since their inception in protecting individuals from harm. Miranda Rights, as they exist now, were conceived in 1966 as a result of the United States Supreme Court case Miranda vs. Arizona, in which Ernesto Arturo Miranda signed a confession without being properly informed of his various Constitutional rights related to due process. Miranda challenged the conviction based on this false confession and the circumstantial evidence that connected hi m to the crime, which led to Chief Justice Earl Warren of the Supreme Court to draft the first version of the Miranda warning. From this court case, suspects were now entitled to be informed of their rights to not self-incriminate and to seek counsel, even if he cannot afford one. The Court's opinion also indicated that if an individual chose to exercise his Miranda Right to remain silent, the interrogation must cease; likewise, if an individual chose to exercise his Miranda Right to counsel, the interrogation must cease until counsel can be found with whom he can confer with during interrogation. As with any verbal warning, there is a vague set of standards related to waiving or acknowledging understanding of the warning. With the Miranda Warning, a suspect must be asked if he understands these rights given under the Miranda Warning—either after each sentence of the Warning or after the entire Warning has been given. A person's silence in response to the Warning is interpret able, according to a recent decision by the Supreme Court, as an understanding of what the Warning says (Bravin, 2010). However, the issue is complicated when the Miranda Warning is issued to people who do not speak English or speak it poorly. In this case, the Miranda Warning will not help suspects who cannot understand its content. The standards for delivering the Warning to those suspects, then, become difficult to define. However, delivering the same Warning to all suspects taken in under arrest gives a sense of standardization and equality for everyone under the ideal of procedural justice, even if true justice is not achieved in every case. This argument against the Miranda Warning is one that its supporters must contend with as English becomes less of a dominant language among a growing American demographic. Miranda Rights are also vague in terms of their standards for exceptions. What comes to mind first of all is the public safety exception, derived most clearly from the Su preme Court case New York v. Quarles. In that case, officers questioned a suspect on the location of a firearm in a public setting before informing him of his Miranda Rights. The Court ruled that when the

Friday, October 18, 2019

The Preschool I Visited Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Preschool I Visited - Assignment Example Some came in rushing to say good morning while others took their time and politely waited for the others. At 9:05, the teacher called the attention of the children and asked them to go to their proper seats. They started the day with a short prayer led by one of the students. The attendance was checked through a welcoming song wherein names were being mentioned. After the teacher and students greeted each other, they moved on to the morning exercise. Together with a model student, the teacher led the stretching routine. The children obediently followed and performed the exercise drill. By 9:20, they formed a circle and the children took turns in briefly expressing themselves as to how they felt that day. Most of the children were eager to talk to the teacher reminded them that they had to wait for their turn. It proved to be a wonderful start since all of them concluded that they felt happy that morning. At 9:40, they arranged their chairs and the teacher started with the Science les son. The teacher talked about plants and their different parts. They then went outside and the children were asked to draw a plant that they have particularly observed. The kids were ecstatic while going out of the classroom and animatedly talked with each other about the plant that they want to draw. Their drawings were collected at 10: 25 and the teacher asked them to wash their hands for snack time. The children were very excited as they brought out their food. The teacher and volunteer parent went around and assisted the students in opening their snacks. Some of the children went out and played some games while the others contentedly chewed on their sandwiches. At 10:50, the children were asked to settle down and keep their food. Some of them did not go inside immediately so two girls told them to come inside the room. They were also requested to clean their area. Many of them promptly threw their trash.  

Single Cell Protein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Single Cell Protein - Essay Example Although, there is a global shortage of protein, the shortage is in developing countries which cannot afford this technology. There are several advantages in using microorganisms as a food source. They occupy less room then conventional crops and animals; therefore they can grow on a wide range of cheap or waste products of agriculture and industry. They grow much more rapidly, are more easily modified by genetic engineering and so have relatively high protein content. They are independent of climate and do not occupy the large areas of land. There also are fewer ethical issues associated with there exploitation and no animal rights issues. There are different uses of yeast and fungi; like it can produce dietary supplements known as single cell protein (SCP). Yeast species are efficient in producing large amounts of different types of vitamins and is also used in the commercial production of that vitamin. Other species like yeasts can also be utilized in brewing, which can absorb as well as store vitamins from their food. It is healthy for people to take yeasts as vitamin supplements. Yeast fungi can also produce huge amount of useful stuff such as numerous enzymes, industrial alcohol, glycerol and fat. The yeasts are also helpful in commercial production of these substances. The Single Cell Protein (SCP) is produced by using bacteria, fungi, yeast or algae. SCP, for the time being, is very successful for using alternative cheaper proteins such as Soya bean, and lack of research into value-added products derived from microorganisms. Recent studies show that autolysis is an efficient method of extracting protein from the yeast; the internal cell's enzymes actions can actually cause the breakdown of cell constituents. If yeast is exposed at a very high temperature, it can speed up the process of autolysis. In reality, getting the best result of the finished product (in terms of flavor, quality or yield), totally depends on the solubiliszation of the cell contents in autolysis; it is a vital and indispensable step. In spite of this significant process, there are few common understandings of these biological modifications which happen during autolysis. Furthermore, almost every study on yeast autolysis have only been conducted with only one Saccharomyces cerevisiae know as yeast specie,and no study have been done to know the autolysis reaction of different species. Yeast was treated in laboratory which fermented the production; presently a lot of research is in progress in the department of Chemical & Life Sciences which is also examining other species like Kluyveromyces marxianus (dairy yeast),as it can produce novel yeast extracts. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data) software is also assisting this procedure and the effect of reaction of the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment on consequential nutritive value and flavor enhancement is still being investigated. According to the recent research it is been found that yeast which produce protein contains highly nutritional matter (up to 50% dry weight basis). Therefore, controlled conditions during autolysis will result in the activation of yeast proteases which degrade yeast proteins into soluble peptides and amino acids. Another name of SCP is microbial protein or microbial food. Due to the

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in Research Paper

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in human nature,the cosmos, Christian revelation,and Jesus - Research Paper Example Within the structure of the human life, we can distinguish the inner and outer heart and functions. Therefore, faith is considered as the highest function in human existence. This on one hand implies that believing is the only function, and on the other hand it the most important of all functions. When believing is only functional, it implies that faith is not identical with the heart, but it is determined by the heart in its direction toward good or evil. In short, the whole man is religious and his life is a walk before the face of God in obedience or disobedience (Albi). Since the nature of the Christian faith is functional, it is subject to functional law. In this respect, it is identical to all other functions. Furthermore, faith has an analytical function whose nature is to analyze and distinguish. Distinguishing simply entails noting diversity existing independently with respect to its distinguishing activity. Therefore, the analytical is able to note the distinctness of law and function not only in other law spheres but also in the case of analytical itself (Albi). Faith is a fundamental pillar in Christianity since in its absence, spirituality cannot exist, and hope is doomed to crumble. Also, it is the fundamental principle of the religion of Christ. Many people who consider themselves Christians don’t really understand what faith is. However, the Christian faith is grounded and if the foundation is faulty, then it unlikely that structures built upon it will be strong (Boice). According to the Christian faith, the cosmos and all its components were created by God. The ancient Jewish communities believed that the cosmos consisted a flat shaped disc planet that floated on water. According to them, the world was made up of the underworld and the heavens. However, the Jews later adopted the idea that the underworld was a place where

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Forks over knives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Forks over knives - Essay Example d that children from the country’s affluent parts consumed plenty of animal-processed foods that exposed them to a higher risk of getting liver cancer in their later years. As for Esselstyn, his discovery comes from his experiences as a surgeon as he realizes that several of the diseases he regularly treats are practically unheard of in parts of the world where animal-processed foods are not consumed. Fulkerson bases the film on investigations conducted by the two researchers as from the 1980s when they initially meet. In an attempt to convince people that plant-based and whole foods have the potential of reversing lifestyle diseases and degenerative ailments, he features the pioneering study by Campbell and Esselstyn in China. Fulkerson includes alarming data on the huge sums of money spent on medical bills and the high number of Americans that are obese; to paint the grim picture that is reality. This is helpful in raising awareness and making it clear that changes in one’s diet need to start now. Fulkerson also trails the lives of a chosen set of patients who have taken on a plant-based diet and witnessed positive changes in just a short while. The positive changes include remarkable improvements in cholesterol levels, blood pressure and arterial occlusions. The illustration of these stories brings on great persuasive value to the message of the films adding on is the fact that Fulkerson gets on a similar diet himself. These affirmative effects coupled with scenarios of places such as New Guinea where regenerative ailments are unknown and foods consumed are purely plant-based, brings out the simple fact that animal protein is detrimental to one’s health (Groen). Featuring nutrition experts and celebrity cameos, he comes out to dismiss all the myths about fish and chicken being the best source of proteins while milk being the easily digestible way of getting calcium. He, therefore, through Caldwell and Esselstyn, emphasizes on adopting a diet that

Assess the strengths and weaknesses of Rational choice theory(RCT) as Essay

Assess the strengths and weaknesses of Rational choice theory(RCT) as an analytic framework for politics and IR - Essay Example Becker was the first to develop the theory and applied rational actor models in economic widely. According to Rational action theory, when there are several course of action to carry out a task, an individual will choose the one which he thinks is most likely to be the best rewarding (Ogu, 2013). This paper will focus on application of RCT in paradigm of Politics and International Relation, with its benefits and drawbacks. In politics and economics, competition has been the main drive for greater power for scarce resources. Semblance of politics and economics and, unravelled nature of relationship between economic and political competition of goods in former case and for power and privilege in the later, has made the theorist to apply economic methods in the study of politics. Some researches show that individuals or representatives in economic and political paradigm acts in the same manner on overall value scale while taking part in market of political activity. In this way, the research shows that the voters are inherently the same as costumers because the same individual is a voter and a customer simultaneously (Tullock, 2006). Since its development by Becker, the rational choice theory came along way and stormed the field of political science. It is because of two important advantages which rational choice theory possesses over its rival theories that are; first, the theory possesses immense analytical advantage. Then, secondly, it is not a mere theory, rather a technique to develop theories. Although, it work with certain other theories, however, it explains the behaviour of political actors while making selection from a certain set of options in order to get their goal with minimal input. Briefly, it illustrates the fashions and ways in which people behave when provided with choices. Similarly, this theory entails the behaviour explicitly depicted by the

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in Research Paper

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in human nature,the cosmos, Christian revelation,and Jesus - Research Paper Example Within the structure of the human life, we can distinguish the inner and outer heart and functions. Therefore, faith is considered as the highest function in human existence. This on one hand implies that believing is the only function, and on the other hand it the most important of all functions. When believing is only functional, it implies that faith is not identical with the heart, but it is determined by the heart in its direction toward good or evil. In short, the whole man is religious and his life is a walk before the face of God in obedience or disobedience (Albi). Since the nature of the Christian faith is functional, it is subject to functional law. In this respect, it is identical to all other functions. Furthermore, faith has an analytical function whose nature is to analyze and distinguish. Distinguishing simply entails noting diversity existing independently with respect to its distinguishing activity. Therefore, the analytical is able to note the distinctness of law and function not only in other law spheres but also in the case of analytical itself (Albi). Faith is a fundamental pillar in Christianity since in its absence, spirituality cannot exist, and hope is doomed to crumble. Also, it is the fundamental principle of the religion of Christ. Many people who consider themselves Christians don’t really understand what faith is. However, the Christian faith is grounded and if the foundation is faulty, then it unlikely that structures built upon it will be strong (Boice). According to the Christian faith, the cosmos and all its components were created by God. The ancient Jewish communities believed that the cosmos consisted a flat shaped disc planet that floated on water. According to them, the world was made up of the underworld and the heavens. However, the Jews later adopted the idea that the underworld was a place where